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toss

Will developers be replaced by AI? (opens in new tab)

The current AI hype cycle is a significant economic bubble where massive infrastructure investments of $560 billion far outweigh the modest $35 billion in generated revenue. However, drawing parallels to the 1995 dot-com era, the author argues that while short-term expectations are overblown, the long-term transformation of the developer role is inevitable. The conclusion is that developers won't be replaced but will instead evolve into "Code Creative Directors" who manage AI through the lens of technical abstraction and delegation. ### The Economic Bubble and Amara’s Law * The industry is experiencing a 16:1 imbalance between AI investment and revenue, with 95% of generative AI implementations reportedly failing to deliver clear efficiency improvements. * Amara’s Law suggests that we are overestimating AI's short-term impact while potentially underestimating its long-term necessity. * Much of the current "AI-driven" job market contraction is actually a result of companies cutting personnel costs to fund expensive GPU infrastructure and AI research. ### Jevons Paradox and the Evolution of Roles * Jevons Paradox indicates that as the "cost" of producing code drops due to AI efficiency, the total demand for software and the complexity of systems will paradoxically increase. * The developer’s identity is shifting from "code producer" to "system architect," focusing on agent orchestration, result verification, and high-level design. * AI functions as a "power tool" similar to game engines, allowing small teams to achieve professional-grade output while amplifying the capabilities of senior engineers. ### Delegation as a Form of Abstraction * Delegating a task to AI is an act of "work abstraction," which involves choosing which low-level details a developer can afford to ignore. * The technical boundary of what is "hard to delegate" is constantly shifting; for example, a complex RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) pipeline built for GPT-4 might become obsolete with the release of a more capable model like GPT-5. * The focus for developers must shift from "what is easy to delegate" to "what *should* be delegated," distinguishing between routine boilerplate and critical human judgment. ### The Risks of Premature Abstraction * Abstraction does not eliminate complexity; it simply moves it into the future. If the underlying assumptions of an AI-generated system change, the abstraction "leaks" or breaks. * Sudden shifts in scaling (traffic surges), regulation (GDPR updates), or security (zero-day vulnerabilities) expose the limitations of AI-delegated work, requiring senior intervention. * Poorly managed AI delegation can lead to "abstraction debt," where the cost of fixing a broken AI-generated system exceeds the cost of having written it manually from the start. To thrive in this environment, developers should embrace AI not as a replacement, but as a layer of abstraction. Success requires mastering the ability to define clear boundaries for AI—delegating routine CRUD operations and boilerplate while retaining human control over architecture, security, and complex business logic.

aillmgen-aiprompt-engineering+3
aws

Announcing Amazon EC2 G7e instances accelerated by NVIDIA RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell Server Edition GPUs | AWS News Blog (opens in new tab)

Amazon has announced the general availability of EC2 G7e instances, a new hardware tier powered by NVIDIA RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell Server Edition GPUs designed for generative AI and high-end graphics. These instances deliver up to 2.3 times the inference performance of their G6e predecessors while providing significant upgrades to memory and bandwidth. This launch aims to provide a cost-effective solution for running medium-sized AI models and complex spatial computing workloads at scale. **Blackwell GPU and Memory Advancements** * The G7e instances feature NVIDIA RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell GPUs, which provide twice the memory and 1.85 times the memory bandwidth of the G6e generation. * Each GPU provides 96 GB of memory, allowing users to run medium-sized models—such as those with up to 70 billion parameters—on a single GPU using FP8 precision. * The architecture is optimized for both spatial computing and scientific workloads, offering the highest graphics performance currently available in the EC2 portfolio. **High-Speed Connectivity and Multi-GPU Scaling** * To support large-scale models, G7e instances utilize NVIDIA GPUDirect P2P, enabling direct communication between GPUs over PCIe interconnects with minimal latency. * These instances offer four times the inter-GPU bandwidth compared to the L40s GPUs found in G6e instances, facilitating more efficient data transfer in multi-GPU configurations. * Total GPU memory can scale up to 768 GB within a single node, supporting massive inference tasks across eight interconnected GPUs. **Networking and Storage Performance** * G7e instances provide up to 1,600 Gbps of network bandwidth, a four-fold increase over previous generations, making them suitable for small-scale multi-node clusters. * Support for NVIDIA GPUDirect Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) via Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA) reduces latency for remote GPU-to-GPU communication. * The instances support GPUDirect Storage with Amazon FSx for Lustre, achieving throughput speeds up to 1.2 Tbps to ensure rapid model loading and data processing. **System Specifications and Configurations** * Under the hood, G7e instances are powered by Intel Emerald Rapids processors and support up to 192 vCPUs and 2,048 GiB of system memory. * Local storage options include up to 15.2 TB of NVMe SSD capacity to handle high-speed data caching and local processing. * The instance family ranges from the g7e.2xlarge (1 GPU, 8 vCPUs) to the g7e.48xlarge (8 GPUs, 192 vCPUs). For developers ready to transition to Blackwell-based architecture, these instances are accessible through AWS Deep Learning AMIs (DLAMI). They represent a major step forward for organizations needing to balance the high memory requirements of modern LLMs with the cost efficiencies of the G-series instance family.

aigen-aiamazon-ec2gpu-acceleration+5
aws

AWS Weekly Roundup: Kiro CLI latest features, AWS European Sovereign Cloud, EC2 X8i instances, and more (January 19, 2026) | AWS News Blog (opens in new tab)

The January 19, 2026, AWS Weekly Roundup highlights significant advancements in sovereign cloud infrastructure and the general availability of high-performance, memory-optimized compute instances. The update also emphasizes the maturing ecosystem of AI agents, focusing on enhanced developer tooling and streamlined deployment workflows for agentic applications. These releases collectively aim to satisfy stringent regulatory requirements in Europe while pushing the boundaries of enterprise performance and automated productivity. ## Developer Tooling and Kiro CLI Enhancements * New granular controls for web fetch URLs allow developers to use allowlists and blocklists to strictly govern which external resources an agent can access. * The update introduces custom keyboard shortcuts to facilitate seamless switching between multiple specialized agents within a single session. * Enhanced diff views provide clearer visibility into changes, improving the debugging and auditing process for automated workflows. ## AWS European Sovereign Cloud General Availability * Following its initial 2023 announcement, this independent cloud infrastructure is now generally available to all customers. * The environment is purpose-built to meet the most rigorous sovereignty and data residency requirements for European organizations. * It offers a comprehensive set of AWS services within a framework that ensures operational independence and localized data handling. ## High-Performance Computing with EC2 X8i Instances * The memory-optimized X8i instances, powered by custom Intel Xeon 6 processors, have moved from preview to general availability. * These instances feature a sustained all-core turbo frequency of 3.9 GHz, which is currently exclusive to the AWS platform. * The hardware is SAP certified and engineered to provide the highest memory bandwidth and performance for memory-intensive enterprise workloads compared to other Intel-based cloud offerings. ## Agentic AI and Productivity Updates * Amazon Quick Suite continues to expand as a workplace "agentic teammate," designed to synthesize research and execute actions based on organizational insights. * New technical guidance has been released regarding the deployment of AI agents on Amazon Bedrock AgentCore. * The integration of GitHub Actions is now supported to automate the deployment and lifecycle management of these AI agents, bridging the gap between traditional DevOps and agentic AI development. These updates signal a strategic shift toward highly specialized infrastructure, both in terms of regulatory compliance with the Sovereign Cloud and raw performance with the X8i instances. Organizations looking to scale their AI operations should prioritize the new deployment patterns for Bedrock AgentCore to ensure a robust CI/CD pipeline for their autonomous agents.

aiai-agentawsamazon-bedrock+5
kakao

Kanana-2 Development Story (2 (opens in new tab)

Kakao’s development of the Kanana-2 model family represents a strategic shift toward Agentic AI, prioritizing complex reasoning and execution capabilities over simple conversational fluency. By implementing a sophisticated post-training pipeline—including a specialized Mid-training stage and refined reinforcement learning—the team successfully enhanced the model's instruction-following and tool-calling performance. This methodology ensures that the 30B parameter models excel in logical tasks and real-world agentic environments while maintaining high linguistic stability in both English and Korean. ## Mid-training and Catastrophic Forgetting Prevention * A 250B token Mid-training stage was introduced between Pre-training and Post-training to bridge the gap in reasoning, coding, and tool-calling capabilities. * The dataset comprised 200B tokens of high-quality reasoning data (Chain-of-Thought math and code) and 50B tokens of "replay" data from the original pre-training set. * This replay strategy specifically targeted "Catastrophic Forgetting," preventing the model from losing its Korean linguistic nuances and performance on benchmarks like KoMT-bench while it gained English-heavy reasoning skills. * Experimental results indicated that Mid-training serves as a foundational "force multiplier," leading to faster convergence and higher performance ceilings during subsequent Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) stages. ## Enhanced Instruction Following and Tool Calling * To optimize for Agentic AI, the developers focused on Instruction Following (IFEval) by synthesizing high-quality, long-form responses that strictly adhere to complex constraints. * Tool-calling capabilities were improved using "Rejection Sampling" (Iterative SFT), where model-generated trajectories are validated in a real execution environment; only successful outcomes are retained for training. * The training data was categorized into distinct buckets—such as Chat, Math, Code, and Tool Calling—allowing for a more balanced recipe compared to previous Kanana versions. * This approach specifically addressed multi-turn and multi-tool scenarios, ensuring the model can handle the recursive logic required for autonomous agents. ## Parallel Reinforcement Learning and Calibration Tuning * A "Parallel RL" framework was adopted to optimize different capabilities simultaneously: the "Chat" track focused on helpfulness and safety, while the "Logic" track focused on accuracy in math and programming. * The pipeline moved beyond standard SFT to include Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), utilizing DPO and PPO-style methods to align the model with human preferences. * A final "Calibration Tuning" step was implemented to ensure the model’s internal confidence levels match its actual accuracy, effectively reducing hallucinations and improving reliability in technical tasks. * Comparative benchmarks show that the Kanana-2 Instruct and Thinking models significantly outperform earlier versions and rival larger open-source models in reasoning and coding benchmarks like HumanEval and GSM8K. The Kanana-2 development cycle demonstrates that achieving "Agentic" performance requires more than just scaling data; it requires a structured transition from general language understanding to execution-verified reasoning. For organizations building AI agents, the Kanana-2 post-training recipe suggests that integrating environment-validated feedback and balancing reasoning data with foundational language "replays" is critical for creating reliable, multi-functional models.

aillmreinforcement-learningsupervised-fine-tuning+5
meta

Adapting the Facebook Reels RecSys AI Model Based on User Feedback - Engineering at Meta (opens in new tab)

Meta has enhanced the Facebook Reels recommendation engine by shifting focus from traditional engagement signals, like watch time and likes, to direct user feedback. By implementing the User True Interest Survey (UTIS) model, the system now prioritizes content that aligns with genuine user preferences rather than just short-term interactions. This shift has resulted in significant improvements in recommendation relevance, high-quality content delivery, and long-term user retention. **Limitations of Engagement-Based Metrics** * Traditional signals like "likes" and "watch time" are often noisy and may not reflect a user’s actual long-term interests. * Models optimized solely for engagement tend to favor short-term value over the long-term utility of the product. * Internal research found that previous heuristic-based interest models only achieved 48.3% precision in identifying what users truly care about. * Effective interest matching requires understanding nuanced factors such as production style, mood, audio, and motivation, which implicit signals often miss. **The User True Interest Survey (UTIS) Model** * Meta collects direct feedback via randomized, single-question surveys asking users to rate video interest on a 1–5 scale. * The raw survey data is binarized to denoise responses and weighted to correct for sampling and nonresponse bias. * The UTIS model functions as a lightweight "alignment model layer" built on top of the main multi-task ranking system. * The architecture uses existing model predictions as input features, supplemented by engineered features that capture content attributes and user behavior. **Integration into the Ranking Funnel** * **Late Stage Ranking (LSR):** The UTIS score is used as an additional input feature in the final value formula, allowing the system to boost high-interest videos and demote low-interest ones. * **Early Stage Ranking (Retrieval):** The model aggregates survey data to reconstruct user interest profiles, helping the system source more relevant candidates during the initial retrieval phase. * **Knowledge Distillation:** Large sequence-based retrieval models are aligned using UTIS predictions as labels through distillation objectives. **Performance and Impact** * The deployment of UTIS has led to a measurable increase in the delivery of niche, high-quality content. * Generic, popularity-based recommendations that often lack depth have been reduced. * Meta observed robust improvements across core metrics, including higher follow rates, more shares, and increased user retention. * The system now offers better interpretability, allowing engineers to understand which specific factors contribute to a user’s sense of "interest match." To continue improving the Reels ecosystem, Meta is focusing on doubling down on personalization by tackling challenges related to sparse data and sampling bias while exploring more advanced AI architectures to further diversify recommendations.

aimachine-learningrecommendation-systemsinformation-retrieval+5
google

Unlocking health insights: Estimating advanced walking metrics with smartwatches (opens in new tab)

Google researchers have validated that smartwatches are a highly reliable and accurate platform for estimating complex spatio-temporal gait metrics, rivaling the performance of smartphone-based methods. By utilizing a multi-head deep learning model, the study demonstrates that wrist-worn devices can provide continuous, lab-grade health insights into a user's walking speed, step length, and balance without requiring the specific pocket placement or specialized laboratory equipment previously necessary for such data. ## Multi-Head Deep Learning for Wrist-Based Sensors * The researchers developed a temporal convolutional network (TCN) architecture designed to process raw inertial measurement unit (IMU) data, specifically 3-axis accelerometer and gyroscope signals sampled at 50 Hz. * Unlike traditional models that only track temporal events and are prone to integration drift, this multi-head approach directly estimates both unilateral and bilateral metrics simultaneously. * The model architecture extracts embeddings from the IMU signals and concatenates them with user height (a demographic scalar input) to improve the precision of spatial predictions. * The system estimates a comprehensive suite of metrics, including gait speed, double support time (the proportion of time both feet are on the ground), step length, swing time, and stance time. ## Large-Scale Validation and Study Protocol * To ensure rigorous results, the study involved a diverse cohort of 246 participants across two international sites, generating approximately 70,000 walking segments. * Ground truth measurements were captured using a professional-grade Zeno Gait Walkway system to provide high-precision reference data for comparison. * The study protocol included various walking conditions to test the model's versatility: a self-paced six-minute walk test (6MWT), fast-paced walking, and induced physical asymmetry created by wearing hinged knee braces at specific angles. * Researchers employed a five-fold cross-validation strategy, ensuring that all data from a single participant remained within a single split to prevent data leakage and ensure the model generalizes to new users. ## Clinical Validity and Comparative Performance * Smartwatch estimates demonstrated strong validity and excellent reliability, with Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) exceeding 0.80 for most metrics. * Performance comparisons showed non-significant differences in Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) between the Pixel Watch and Pixel phone, establishing the smartwatch as a viable alternative to smartphone-based tracking. * While double support time showed slightly lower but acceptable reliability (ICC 0.56–0.60), other metrics like step length and gait speed proved highly consistent across different walking speeds and styles. * The model’s success suggests that smartwatches can effectively bridge the gap in gait analysis, providing a more practical and consistent platform for continuous health tracking than handheld devices. This research establishes smartwatches as a powerful tool for longitudinal health monitoring, enabling the detection of neurological or musculoskeletal changes through passive, continuous gait analysis in everyday environments.

aideep-learninghealth-techsignal-processing+5
naver

FE News: January 2 (opens in new tab)

The January 2026 FE News highlights a significant shift toward client-side intelligence and deeper architectural transparency in modern web development. By exploring advanced visualization tools for React Server Components and the integration of AI within design systems and on-device environments, the industry is moving toward more automated and efficient frontend workflows. This collection underscores how foundational technologies like WebGPU and standardized design tokens are becoming essential for building the next generation of AI-driven user experiences. ### Visualizing React Server Components * Dan Abramov’s RSC Explorer allows developers to step through and decompose the RSC protocol stream directly within the browser. * The tool features four specialized panels—Server, Client, Flight, and Preview—to visualize the complete data flow and protocol structure. * It utilizes React's native reader/writer to ensure the output matches actual protocol behavior, making it an ideal resource for debugging streaming (Suspense), Client References, Server Actions, and Router refreshes. ### The Rise of Client-Side AI and Agents * The Web AI Summit 2025 highlights a transition from server-dependent AI to local, browser-based execution using Transformers.js for 100% local ML model processing. * New frameworks like webMCP allow developers to define site functions as tools that can be consumed by browser-based AI agents, fostering a more interactive agent-based UX. * Technical advancements in Wasm, WebGPU, and WebNN are facilitating high-performance on-device inference, enabling developers to build complex AI features without heavy reliance on backend APIs. ### AI Research and Development Milestones * Google’s Jeff Dean provides insights into AI trends that influence not just individual features, but the underlying system architecture and data workflows of modern products. * "The Thinking Game," a documentary covering five years of DeepMind's history, chronicles the team's pursuit of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and the development of AlphaFold. * These resources suggest that frontend developers should view AI as a structural change to product design rather than a simple functional add-on. ### Automating Markup with Design Systems * Naver Financial has shared practical results of using Figma Code Connect and specific AI instructions to automate component-based markup generation. * The experiment proved that training AI on standardized design tokens and component structures allows for the generation of frontend code that is ready for immediate development. * However, complex layouts and responsive design still require human intervention, reinforcing the idea that the efficiency of AI automation is directly tied to the quality of design system documentation and standardization. Frontend developers should prioritize mastering client-side AI technologies and visualization tools to stay ahead of architectural shifts. As AI becomes more integrated into the development lifecycle, maintaining highly standardized design systems and understanding internal framework protocols like RSC will be the primary drivers of professional productivity.

aireact-server-componentsweb-aiwebgpu+3
line

Building an Enterprise LLM Service 1 (opens in new tab)

LY Corporation’s engineering team developed an AI assistant for their private cloud platform, Flava, by prioritizing "context engineering" over traditional prompt engineering. To manage a complex environment of 260 APIs and hundreds of technical documents, they implemented a strategy of progressive disclosure to ensure the LLM receives only the most relevant information for any given query. This approach allows the assistant to move beyond simple RAG-based document summarization to perform active diagnostics and resource management based on real-time API data. ### Performance Limitations of Long Contexts * Research indicates that LLM performance can drop by 13.9% to 85% as context length increases, even if the model technically supports a large token window. * The phenomenon of "context rot" occurs when low-quality or irrelevant information is mixed into the input, causing the model to generate confident but incorrect answers. * Because LLMs are stateless, maintaining conversation history and processing dense JSON responses from multiple APIs quickly exhausts context windows and degrades reasoning quality. ### Progressive Disclosure and Tool Selection * The system avoids loading all 260+ API definitions at once; instead, it analyzes the user's intent to select only the necessary tools, such as loading only Redis-related APIs when a user asks about a cluster. * Specific product usage hints, such as the distinction between private and CDN settings for Object Storage, are injected only when those specific services are invoked. * This phased approach significantly reduces token consumption and prevents the model from being overwhelmed by irrelevant technical specifications. ### Response Guidelines and the "Mock Tool Message" Strategy * The team distinguished between "System Prompts" (global rules) and "Response Guidelines" (situational instructions), such as directing users to a console UI before suggesting CLI commands. * Injecting specific guidelines into the system prompt often caused "instruction conflict," where the LLM might hallucinate information to satisfy a guideline while ignoring core requirements like using search tools. * To resolve these conflicts, the team utilized "ToolMessages" to inject guidelines; by formatting instructions as if they were results from a tool execution, the LLM treats the information as factual context rather than a command that might override the system prompt. To build a robust enterprise LLM service, developers should focus on dynamic context management rather than static prompt optimization. Treating operational guidelines as external data via mock tool messages, rather than system instructions, provides a scalable way to reduce hallucinations and maintain high performance across hundreds of integrated services.

aillmprompt-engineeringrag+4
google

Next generation medical image interpretation with MedGemma 1.5 and medical speech to text with MedASR (opens in new tab)

Google Research has introduced MedGemma 1.5 4B and MedASR, expanding its suite of open medical AI models to support more complex clinical workflows. These updates significantly enhance the interpretation of high-dimensional imaging and medical speech-to-text, providing a compute-efficient foundation for healthcare developers to build upon. By maintaining an open-access model available on Hugging Face and Vertex AI, Google aims to accelerate the integration of multimodal AI into real-world medical applications. ### Multimodal Advancements in MedGemma 1.5 The latest update to the MedGemma 4B model focuses on high-dimensional and longitudinal data, moving beyond simple 2D image interpretation. * **3D Medical Imaging:** The model now supports volumetric representations from CT scans and MRIs, as well as whole-slide histopathology imaging. * **Longitudinal Review:** New capabilities allow for the review of chest X-ray time series, helping clinicians track disease progression over time. * **Anatomical Localization:** Developers can use the model to identify and localize specific anatomical features within chest X-rays. * **Document Understanding:** Enhanced support for extracting structured data from complex medical lab reports and documents. * **Edge Capability:** The 4B parameter size is specifically designed to be small enough to run offline while remaining accurate enough for core medical reasoning tasks. ### Medical Speech-to-Text with MedASR MedASR is a specialized automated speech recognition (ASR) model designed to bridge the gap between clinical dialogue and digital documentation. * **Clinical Dictation:** The model is specifically fine-tuned for medical terminology and the unique nuances of clinical dictation. * **Integrated Reasoning:** MedASR is designed to pair seamlessly with MedGemma, allowing transcribed text to be immediately processed for advanced medical reasoning or summarization. * **Accessibility:** Like other HAI-DEF models, it is free for research and commercial use and hosted on both Hugging Face and Google Cloud’s Vertex AI. ### Performance Benchmarks and Community Impact Google is incentivizing innovation through improved performance metrics and community-driven challenges. * **Accuracy Gains:** Internal benchmarks show MedGemma 1.5 improved disease-related CT classification by 3% and MRI classification by 14% compared to the previous version. * **MedGemma Impact Challenge:** A Kaggle-hosted hackathon with $100,000 in prizes has been launched to encourage developers to find creative applications for these multimodal tools. * **Model Collection:** The update complements existing tools like the MedSigLIP image encoder and the larger MedGemma 27B model, which remains the preferred choice for complex, text-heavy medical applications. Developers and researchers are encouraged to utilize MedGemma 1.5 for tasks requiring efficient, offline multimodal processing, while leveraging MedASR to automate clinical documentation. By participating in the MedGemma Impact Challenge, the community can help define the next generation of AI-assisted medical diagnostics and workflows.

aigen-aimultimodal-aispeech-to-text+5
google

NeuralGCM harnesses AI to better simulate long-range global precipitation (opens in new tab)

NeuralGCM represents a significant evolution in atmospheric modeling by combining traditional fluid dynamics with neural networks to solve the long-standing challenge of simulating global precipitation. By training the AI component directly on high-quality NASA satellite observations rather than biased reanalysis data, the model achieves unprecedented accuracy in predicting daily weather cycles and extreme rainfall events. This hybrid approach offers a faster, more precise tool for both medium-range weather forecasting and multi-decadal climate projections. ## The Limitations of Cloud Parameterization * Precipitation is driven by cloud processes occurring at scales as small as 100 meters, which is far below the kilometer-scale resolution of global weather models. * Traditional models rely on "parameterizations," or mathematical approximations, to estimate how these small-scale events affect the larger atmosphere. * Because these approximations are often simplified, traditional models struggle to accurately capture the complexity of water droplet formation and ice crystal growth, leading to errors in long-term forecasts. ## Training on Direct Satellite Observations * Unlike previous AI models trained on "reanalyses"—which are essentially simulations used to fill observational gaps—NeuralGCM is trained on NASA satellite-based precipitation data spanning 2001 to 2018. * The model utilizes a differentiable dynamical core, an architecture that allows the neural network to learn the effects of small-scale events directly from physical observations. * By bypassing the weaknesses inherent in reanalysis data, the model effectively creates a machine-learned parameterization that is more faithful to real-world cloud physics. ## Performance in Weather and Climate Benchmarks * At a resolution of 280 km, NeuralGCM outperforms leading operational models in medium-range forecasts (up to 15 days) and matches the precision of sophisticated multi-decadal climate models. * The model shows a marked improvement in capturing precipitation extremes, particularly for the top 0.1% of rainfall events. * Evaluation through WeatherBench 2 demonstrates that NeuralGCM accurately reproduces the diurnal (daily) weather cycle, a metric where traditional physics-based models frequently fall short. NeuralGCM provides a highly efficient and accessible framework for researchers and city planners who need to simulate long-range climate scenarios, such as 100-year storms or seasonal agricultural cycles. Its ability to maintain physical consistency while leveraging the speed of AI makes it a powerful candidate for the next generation of global atmospheric modeling.

aimachine-learningneural-networksclimate-modeling+5
line

A Business Trip to Japan After Only (opens in new tab)

Joining the Developer Relations (DevRel) team at LINE Plus, a new employee was immediately thrust into a high-stakes business trip to Japan just one week after onboarding to support major global tech events. This immersive experience allowed the recruit to rapidly grasp the company’s engineering culture by facilitating cross-border collaboration and managing large-scale technical conferences. Ultimately, the journey highlights how a proactive onboarding strategy and a culture of creative freedom enable DevRel professionals to bridge the gap between complex engineering feats and community engagement. ### Global Collaboration at Tech Week * The trip centered on participating in **Tech-Verse**, a global conference featuring simultaneous interpretation in Korean, English, and Japanese, where the focus was on maintaining operational detail across diverse technical sessions. * Operational support was provided for **Hack Day**, an in-house hackathon that brought together engineers from various countries to collaborate on rapid prototyping and technical problem-solving. * The experience facilitated direct coordination with DevRel teams from Japan, Thailand, Taiwan, and Vietnam, establishing a unified approach to technical branding and regional community support. * Post-event responsibilities included translating live experiences into digital assets, such as "Shorts" video content and technical blog recaps, to maintain engagement after the physical event concluded. ### Modernizing Internal Technical Sharing * The **Tech Talk** series, a long-standing tradition with over 78 sessions, was used as a platform to experiment with "B-grade" humorous marketing—including quirky posters and cup holders—to drive offline participation in a remote-friendly work environment. * To address engineer feedback, the format shifted from passive lectures to **hands-on practical sessions** focusing on AI implementation. * Specific technical workshops demonstrated how to use tools like **Claude Code** and **ChatGPT** to automate workflows, such as generating weekly reports by integrating **Jira tickets with internal Wikis**. * Preparation for these sessions involved creating detailed environment setup guides and troubleshooting protocols to ensure a seamless experience for participating developers. ### Scaling AI Literacy via AI Campus Day * The **AI Campus Day** was a large-scale event designed for over 3,000 participants, aimed at lowering the barrier to entry for AI adoption across all departments. * The "Event & Operation" role involved creating interactive AI photo zones using **Gemini** to familiarize employees with new internal AI tools in a low-pressure setting. * Event production utilized AI-driven assets, including AI-generated voices and icons, to demonstrate the practical utility of these tools within standard business communication and video guides. * The success of the event relied on "participation design," ensuring that even non-technical staff could engage with AI concepts through hands-on play and peer mentoring. For organizations looking to strengthen their technical culture, this experience suggests that integrating new hires into high-impact global projects immediately can be a powerful onboarding tool. Providing DevRel teams the psychological safety to experiment with unconventional marketing and hands-on technical workshops is essential for maintaining developer engagement in a hybrid work era.

aigen-aigeminihackathon+5
toss

Tax Refund Automation: AI (opens in new tab)

At Toss Income, QA Manager Suho Jung successfully automated complex E2E testing for diverse tax refund services by leveraging AI as specialized virtual team members. By shifting from manual coding to a "human-as-orchestrator" model, a single person achieved the productivity of a four-to-five-person automation team within just five months. This approach overcame the inherent brittleness of testing long, React-based flows that are subject to frequent policy changes and external system dependencies. ### Challenges in Tax Service Automation The complexity of tax refund services presented unique hurdles that made traditional manual automation unsustainable: * **Multi-Step Dependencies:** Each refund flow averages 15–20 steps involving internal systems, authentication providers, and HomeTax scraping servers, where a single timing glitch can fail the entire test. * **Frequent UI and Policy Shifts:** Minor UI updates or new tax laws required total scenario reconfigurations, making hard-coded tests obsolete almost immediately. * **Environmental Instability:** Issues such as "Target closed" errors during scraping, differing domain environments, and React-specific hydration delays caused constant test flakiness. ### Building an AI-Driven QA Team Rather than using AI as a simple autocomplete tool, the project assigned specific "personas" to different AI models to handle distinct parts of the lifecycle: * **SDET Agent (Claude Sonnet 4.5):** Acted as the lead developer, responsible for designing the Page Object Model (POM) architecture, writing test logic, and creating utility functions. * **Documentation Specialist:** Automatically generated daily retrospectives and updated technical guides by analyzing daily git commits. * **Git Master:** Managed commit history and PR descriptions to ensure high-quality documentation of the project’s evolution. * **Pair Programmers (Cursor & Codex):** Handled real-time troubleshooting, type errors, and comparative analysis of different test scripts. ### Technical Solutions for React and Policy Logic The team implemented several sophisticated technical strategies to ensure test stability: * **React Interaction Readiness:** To solve "Element is not clickable" errors, they developed a strategy that waits not just for visibility, but for event handlers to bind to the DOM (Hydration). * **Safe Interaction Fallbacks:** A standard `click` utility was created that attempts a Playwright click, then a native keyboard 'Enter' press, and finally a JS dispatch to ensure interactions succeed even during UI transitions. * **Dynamic Consent Flow Utility:** A specialized system was built to automatically detect and handle varying "Terms of Service" agreements across different sub-services (Tax Secretary, Hidden Refund, etc.) through a single unified function. * **Test Isolation:** Automated scripts were used to prevent `userNo` (test ID) collisions, ensuring 35+ complex scenarios could run in parallel without data interference. ### Integrated Feedback and Reporting The automation was integrated directly into internal communication channels to create a tight feedback loop: * **Messenger Notifications:** Every test run sends a report including execution time, test IDs, and environment data to the team's messenger. * **Automated Failure Analysis:** When a test fails, the AI automatically posts the error log, the specific failed step, a tracking EventID, and a screenshot as a thread reply for immediate debugging. * **Human-AI Collaboration:** This structure shifted the QA's role from writing code to discussing failures and policy changes within the messenger threads. The success of this 5-month experiment suggests that for high-complexity environments, the future of QA lies in "AI Orchestration." Instead of focusing on writing selectors, QA engineers should focus on defining problems and managing the AI agents that build the architecture.

aiai-agenttest-automationreact+5
toss

Automating Service Vulnerability Analysis Using (opens in new tab)

Toss has developed a high-precision automated vulnerability analysis system by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with traditional security testing tools. By evolving their architecture from a simple prompt-based approach to a multi-agent system utilizing open-source models and static analysis, the team achieved over 95% accuracy in threat detection. This project demonstrates that moving beyond a technical proof-of-concept requires solving real-world constraints such as context window limits, output consistency, and long-term financial sustainability. ### Navigating Large Codebases with MCP * Initial attempts to use RAG (Retrieval Augmented Generation) and repository compression tools failed because the LLM could not maintain complex code relationships within token limits. * The team implemented a "SourceCode Browse MCP" (Model Context Protocol) which allows the LLM agent to dynamically query the codebase. * By indexing the code, the agent can perform specific tool calls to find function definitions or variable usages only when necessary, effectively bypassing context window restrictions. ### Ensuring Consistency via SAST Integration * Testing revealed that standalone LLMs produced inconsistent results, often missing known vulnerabilities or generating hallucinations across different runs. * To solve this, the team integrated Semgrep, a Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tool, to identify all potential "Source-to-Sink" paths. * Semgrep was chosen over CodeQL due to its lighter resource footprint and faster execution, acting as a structured roadmap that ensures the LLM analyzes every suspicious input path without omission. ### Optimizing Costs with Multi-Agent Architectures * Analyzing every possible code path identified by SAST tools was prohibitively expensive due to high token consumption. * The workflow was divided among three specialized agents: a Discovery Agent to filter out irrelevant paths, an Analysis Agent to perform deep logic checks, and a Verification Agent to confirm findings. * This "sieve" strategy ensured that the most resource-intensive analysis was only performed on high-probability vulnerabilities, significantly reducing operational costs. ### Transitioning to Open Models for Sustainability * Scaling the system to hundreds of services and daily PRs made proprietary cloud models financially unviable. * After benchmarking models like Llama 3.1 and GPT-OSS, the team selected **Qwen3:30B** for its 100% coverage rate and high true-positive accuracy in vulnerability detection. * To bridge the performance gap between open-source and proprietary models, the team utilized advanced prompt engineering, one-shot learning, and enforced structured JSON outputs to improve reliability. To build a production-ready AI security tool, teams should focus on the synergy between specialized open-source models and traditional static analysis tools. This hybrid approach provides a cost-effective and sustainable way to achieve enterprise-grade accuracy while maintaining full control over the analysis infrastructure.

aillmmcpvulnerability-analysis+4
daangn

The Journey to Karrot Pay’ (opens in new tab)

Daangn Pay has evolved its Fraud Detection System (FDS) from a traditional rule-based architecture to a sophisticated AI-powered framework to better protect user assets and combat evolving financial scams. By implementing a modular rule engine and integrating Large Language Models (LLMs), the platform has significantly reduced manual review times and improved its response to emerging fraud trends. This transition allows for consistent, context-aware risk assessment while maintaining compliance with strict financial regulations. ### Modular Rule Engine Architecture * The system is built on a "Lego-like" structure consisting of three components: Conditions (basic units like account age or transfer frequency), Rules (logical combinations of conditions), and Policies (groups of rules with specific sanction levels). * This modularity allows non-developers to adjust thresholds—such as changing a "30-day membership" requirement to "70 days"—in real-time to respond to sudden shifts in fraud patterns. * Data flows through two distinct paths: a Synchronous API for immediate blocking decisions (e.g., during a live transfer) and an Asynchronous Stream for high-volume, real-time monitoring where slight latency is acceptable. ### Risk Evaluation and Post-Processing * Events undergo a structured pipeline beginning with ingestion, followed by multi-layered evaluation through the rule engine to determine the final risk score. * The post-processing phase incorporates LLM analysis to evaluate behavioral context, which is then used to trigger alerts for human operators or apply automated user sanctions. * Implementation of this engine led to a measurable decrease in information requests from financial and investigative authorities, indicating a higher rate of internal prevention. ### LLM Integration for Contextual Analysis * To solve the inconsistency and time lag of manual reviews—which previously took between 5 and 20 minutes per case—Daangn Pay integrated Claude 3.5 Sonnet via AWS Bedrock. * The system overcomes strict financial "network isolation" regulations by utilizing an "Innovative Financial Service" designation, allowing the use of cloud-based generative AI within a regulated environment. * The technical implementation uses a specialized data collector that pulls fraud history from BigQuery into a Redis cache to build structured, multi-step prompts for the LLM. * The AI provides evaluations in a structured JSON format, assessing whether a transaction is fraudulent based on specific criteria and providing the reasoning behind the decision. The combination of a flexible, rule-based foundation and context-aware LLM analysis demonstrates how fintech companies can scale security operations. For organizations facing high-volume fraud, the modular approach ensures immediate technical agility, while AI integration provides the nuanced judgment necessary to handle complex social engineering tactics.

aillmbigqueryredis+5
toss

Toss's AI Technology Recognized (opens in new tab)

Toss ML Engineer Jin-woo Lee presents FedLPA, a novel Federated Learning algorithm accepted at NeurIPS 2025 that addresses the critical challenges of data sovereignty and non-uniform data distributions. By allowing AI models to learn from localized data without transferring sensitive information across borders, this research provides a technical foundation for expanding services like Toss Face Pay into international markets with strict privacy regulations. ### The Challenge of Data Sovereignty in Global AI * Traditional AI development requires centralizing data on a single server, which is often impossible due to international privacy laws and data sovereignty regulations. * Federated Learning offers a solution by sending the model to the user’s device (client) rather than moving the data, ensuring raw biometric information never leaves the local environment. * Standard Federated Learning fails in real-world scenarios where data is non-IID (Independent and Identically Distributed), meaning user patterns in different countries or regions vary significantly. ### Overcoming Limitations in Category Discovery * Existing models assume all users share similar data distributions and that all data classes are known beforehand, which leads to performance degradation when encountering new demographics. * FedLPA incorporates Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) to identify both known classes and entirely "novel classes" (e.g., new fraud patterns or ethnic features) that were not present in the initial training set. * This approach prevents the model from becoming obsolete as it encounters new environments, allowing it to adapt to local characteristics autonomously. ### The FedLPA Three-Step Learning Pipeline * **Confidence-guided Local Structure Discovery (CLSD):** The system builds a similarity graph by comparing feature vectors of local data. It refines these connections using "high-confidence" samples—data points the model is certain about—to strengthen the quality of the relational map. * **InfoMap Clustering:** Instead of requiring a human to pre-define the number of categories, the algorithm uses the InfoMap community detection method. This allows the client to automatically estimate the number of unique categories within its own local data through random walks on the similarity graph. * **Local Prior Alignment (LPA):** The model uses self-distillation to ensure consistent predictions across different views of the same data. Most importantly, an LPA regularizer forces the model’s prediction distribution to align with the "Empirical Prior" discovered in the clustering phase, preventing the model from becoming biased toward over-represented classes. ### Business Implications and Strategic Value * **Regulatory Compliance:** FedLPA removes technical barriers to entry for markets like the EU or Southeast Asia by maintaining high model performance while strictly adhering to local data residency requirements. * **Hyper-personalization:** Financial services such as Fraud Detection Systems (FDS) and Credit Scoring Systems (CSS) can be trained on local patterns, allowing for more accurate detection of region-specific scams or credit behaviors. * **Operational Efficiency:** By enabling models to self-detect and learn from new patterns without manual labeling or central intervention, the system significantly reduces the cost and time required for global maintenance. Implementing localized Federated Learning architectures like FedLPA is a recommended strategy for tech organizations seeking to scale AI services internationally while navigating the complex landscape of global privacy regulations and diverse data distributions.

aimachine-learningcomputer-visionfederated-learning+5